In a draft tube at the exit of a turbine

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SSC JE ME Previous Paper 8 (Held on: 27 Sep 2019 Morning)
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  1. the kinetic energy increases
  2. the flow is generally laminar
  3. sand particles are prevented from entering the turbine
  4. the cross-sectional area increases in flow direction

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : the cross-sectional area increases in flow direction
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Detailed Solution

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Explanation:

A draft tube is a pipe of gradually increasing area which connects the outlet of the runner to the tail race and is used to discharge water from the tube exit to the tail race.

Functions:

  • It permits a negative head to be established at the outlet of the runner and thereby increasing the net head on the turbine.
  • It converts a large proportion of kinetic energy which was being rejected at the outlet of the turbine into useful pressure energy.

As a result of which the turbine develops more power and its efficiency also increases. These are only used in Reaction Turbines since the head is very low in such turbines.

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