Following are the characteristics of which Software Development Model?
(a) Clearly defined phases like Requirement Specification, Software Design, Implementation, Testing
(b) Costly change management
(c) Difficult to estimate overall time and cost of project
(d) Doesn't encourage rapid prototyping and continuous delivery

The correct answer is Waterfall Model.

Key Points

• The Waterfall Model is a sequential software development process with well-defined phases.
  • (a) The phases include Requirement Specification, Software Design, Implementation, and Testing.
  • (b) Changes in requirements after the project begins are costly and difficult to manage.
  • (c) It is challenging to estimate the overall time and cost of the project due to its sequential nature.
  • (d) The Waterfall Model does not support rapid prototyping and continuous delivery, which are hallmarks of iterative models like Agile or Scrum.

Additional Information

• The Waterfall Model is suitable for projects where requirements are well-understood and unlikely to change.
• It is often used in industries like construction and manufacturing, where a structured and linear approach is necessary.
• However, it is less effective for software projects requiring flexibility and frequent iterations.
• The model's rigid structure makes it poorly suited for modern software development practices like Agile or DevOps.